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One of the best ways to understand how stakeholders make sense of current situations or topics is by talking directly with them and asking about their specific experiences. The stakeholders’ knowledge is an important prerequisite for developing concrete ideas for new initiatives or improvements.

Critical Uncertainties is another method based on the theory of change that can help a diverse group to see if their course of action/approach is feasible and practical. It also supports getting better in responding to challenges that might wait in the future. This enables a group to develop a strategy. The aim of this activity is not to elaborate an implementation plan. It is more about being able to respond to unforeseen events and changes. This includes being able to see the different ways in which future can evolve.

If one is always working hard to achieve a goal but not making progress then SMART goals can help to clarify ideas, focus efforts, use time and resources productively, and increase the chances of achieving an objective. Studies have shown that people who have ambitious and tangible goals perform better than people who have imprecise and unambitious goals. The letters stand for Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Terminable. It helps to determine the objectives of actions. 

This activity aims at examining an issue / problem from many different angles and standpoints. Heart, Hand, Mind helps to recognise that both our intellect AND our emotions are what makes projects, activities and experiences appealing to us. This tool uses the three separate lenses of the heart, the head and the mind to inspire reflection of how each could impact an issue, plan or project.